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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385245

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Introducción: La fotogrametría es el proceso por el que se obtienen medidas a partir de una fotografía. Para realizar una correcta toma fotográfica es de suma importancia estandarizar la técnica con el objetivo de obtener registros confiables y reproducibles. Uno de sus requisitos es definir la posición de la cabeza, ya que una postura incorrecta puede conducir a errores en el diagnóstico y planificación del tratamiento. Objetivo: Establecer un protocolo clínico para estandarizar registro fotográfico y posicionamiento del paciente para fotogrametría facial. Materiales y métodos: Se realizaron fotografías faciales estandarizadas a un total de 163 estudiantes. A 76 estudiantes se les realizaron mediciones faciales directas e indirectas. A 87 estudiantes se les comparó su Posición Natural de Cabeza en 3 momentos del día. Se compararon estadísticamente los resultados. Resultados: Al aplicar un protocolo estandarizado, no hubo diferencia estadística entre las medidas directas e indirectas ni al comparar la posición de la cabeza de cada estudiante. Conclusión: La estandarización del set fotográfico expuesto en este trabajo es válida para realizar registros fiables y útiles como examen complementario utilizando la Posición Natural de Cabeza, que permite mantener una posición confiable y estable en el tiempo.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: Photogrammetry is the process by which measurements are obtained from a photograph. To take a correct photographic shoot, it is very important to standardize the technique in order to obtain reliable and reproducible records. One of its requirements is to define the position of the head. Thus, an incorrect posture can lead to errors in diagnosis and treatment planning. Objective: Establish a clinical protocol to standardize photographic registration and patient positioning for facial photogrammetry. Materials and methods: Standardized facial photographs were taken to a total of 163 students. 76 students had direct and indirect facial measurements. 87 students had their Natural Head Position compared at 3 times of the day. The results were statistically compared. Results: When applying a standardized protocol, there was no statistical difference between direct and indirect measurements, nor when comparing the head position of each student. Conclusion: The standardization of the photographic set exposed in this work is valid for making reliable and useful records as a complementary examination using the Natural Head Position, which allows to maintain a reliable and stable position over time.

2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-900310

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Introducción: Antropometría facial es la medición de distancias del rostro. Un método indirecto es a través de fotografías estandarizadas, conocido como fotogrametría. Este trabajo busca estandarizar una técnica fotográfica y estudiar la fiabilidad de la fotogrametría facial, comparando mediciones antropométricas directas y fotogramétricas con tres objetivos fotográficos distintos. Objetivo: Estandarizar parámetros de la cámara fotográfica y encuadre de la imagen para fotogrametría facial. Materiales y métodos: A una muestra de 50 sujetos se les midieron directa e indirectamente seis distancias faciales. Para las fotografías se utilizaron objetivos fotográficos fijos de 35mm, 50mm y 100mm. Se tomaron seis fotografías a cada uno de los voluntarios; tres de frente y tres de perfil, una con cada lente. La distancia entre la cámara y el sujeto fue variable, siempre con un encuadre de 30cm. Se compararon las diferencias estadísticamente. Resultados: Con el lente de 100mm fue el único con el que todas las distancias medidas en fotografías fueron iguales y sin diferencia estadística respecto a las medidas obtenidas directamente. Conclusión: De los tres objetivos fotográficos utilizados uno de 100mm es el que permite la fotografía más fiel a la realidad, con una diferencia promedio de 0,5mm con las medidas directas.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: Facial anthropometry is the measurement of distances of the face. It can be performed directly in the subject present or indirectly. Among the indirect methods is photogrammetry: measuring facial distances in photographs. In order to perform the facial photographic registration, a standardized photographic technique is required, that is, the parameters of the camera, the photographic set and the parameters of the subject must be previously established. This work aims to standardize a photographic technique and to study the reliability of facial photogrammetry, comparing direct anthropometric measurements and photogrammetry with three different photographic lenses, in order to determine which one has the highest fidelity. Objective: To standardize camera parameters and image framing for facial photogrammetry. Materials and Methods: Six facial distances were measured directly and indirectly on a sample of 50 subjects. The indirect measurements were taken on photographs of the subjects using fixed photographic lenses of 35mm, 50mm and 100mm. Six photographs were taken from each volunteer; three of front and three of profile, one with each lens. The distances between the camera and the subjects was variable, so that the image frame was always 30 cm. The differences were statistically compared. Results: With a 35mm lens, only one of the six distances measured in photographs was equal to the measurement obtained directly. With a 50mm lens, three of the six distances obtained were equal to the direct measurements. With a 100mm lens, all distances measured in photographs were equal and without statistical difference in relation to the measurements obtained directly. Conclusion: Of the three photographic lenses, the 100mm lens is the one that allows the photograph more faithful to the reality, where the photogrammetric measures of the face have a difference of 0,5mm or less with the direct measurements.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Orthodontics , Photogrammetry , Anthropometry , Photography, Dental , Face , Observational Study
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